Glossary
rate limiting
Capping how many requests a caller may make in a window, to protect a shared resource.
Precisely, a policy that bounds the number of admitted requests per caller over a time window, rejecting or delaying the excess. Confusions: rate limiting is not the same as load shedding (which drops work under overload regardless of caller) or quota (which is billed usage over a long period).
Also: rate limit, rate-limit